In a mutual fund you purchase units and the manager invests under the prospectus policy. Bond, equity and mixed funds have different risks.
A fund sold in a bank branch does not become a bank deposit or automatically receive deposit protection.
Costs to compare
Read ongoing costs, entry and exit fees, any performance fee and redemption timing. A hypothetical 1.5% annual charge on constant assets of 10,000 lei would be 150 lei; actual assets fluctuate. Compare returns over the same period after costs. Daily redemption does not guarantee recovery of your capital.
Tax on gains realised in 2026
For individuals tax-resident in Romania, Law 239/2025 changes taxation of disposals from 1 January 2026. Through intermediaries applying article 96¹, withholding is 3% on each gain for holdings of at least 365 days and 6% for holdings below 365 days. The intermediary’s tax regime matters, not the app language or chosen exchange.
Under the annual regime in articles 119 and 123(1²), the rate is 16% of annual taxable net gain, reported in the Romanian single tax return (Declarația unică). Do not apply this method automatically to a withholding account. Withholding-regime losses do not offset gains on other trades; annual-regime loss offset and carry-forward rules require separate checking.
The general rate for dividends distributed from 1 January 2026 is 16% under Law 141/2025. Foreign income requires checking treaties, foreign withholding and tax-credit evidence. Health contributions (CASS) are assessed separately against aggregate relevant income; income-tax withholding does not automatically settle every obligation.
Records to keep
Keep purchase and sale confirmations, fees, statements, dividends and annual tax reports. Distinguish the income year from the filing year: 2025 income does not acquire 2026 rules merely because the return is filed in 2026. Evaluate outcomes after costs and tax, without treating past performance as a promise.